From Primary Care to Specialist: How to Address Poor Leg Circulation
Poor circulation in the legs is more than just uncomfortable, it could be a sign of peripheral artery disease (PAD). PAD happens when fatty deposits, called plaque, build up in the arteries and limit blood flow. Without enough blood, your legs, feet and even vital organs don’t get the oxygen they need to stay healthy.
PAD affects more than 8.5 million Americans, but many don’t know they have it. Left untreated, it can raise your risk of heart attack and stroke, as well as leg pain and mobility issues. That’s why it’s important to start the conversation with your primary care doctor. A simple exam and non-invasive tests can find PAD early and help prevent complications.
Who’s at Risk?
You may be at higher risk if you:
- Have a history of smoking
- Have diabetes or high blood pressure
- Are over age 60
- Have high cholesterol or are overweight
- Have a family history of PAD
Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore
PAD symptoms can be easy to overlook, but don’t ignore the signs. Common warning symptoms include:
- Ankle-brachial index (ABI): Compares blood pressure in your ankle to your arm
- Arterial doppler ultrasound: Uses sound waves to measure blood flow
- Angiogram (X-ray, CT or MRI): Shows where plaque is blocking your arteries
- Leg pain or cramping when walking or climbing stairs
- Slow-healing sores on the feet or legs
- Changes in skin color on the legs or feet
- Poor nail or hair growth on the legs
These symptoms often come and go, which makes people think it’s “just aging.” However, they may be your body’s way of asking for help.
Why a Diagnosis Matters
Your primary care doctor can check the blood flow in your legs and feet quickly and painlessly. If PAD is suspected, they may order further tests such as:
- Ankle-brachial index (ABI): Compares blood pressure in your ankle to your arm
- Arterial doppler ultrasound: Uses sound waves to measure blood flow
- Angiogram (X-ray, CT or MRI): Shows where plaque is blocking your arteries
Based on the results, your doctor may refer you to a vascular surgeon. Vascular surgeons specialize in confirming PAD diagnoses and providing advanced treatment options.
Next Steps and Treatment
Many cases of PAD can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications. Your primary care doctor may recommend:
- Daily walking or exercise
- Quitting smoking
- Medications to improve circulation or lower cholesterol
If your symptoms are more serious, a vascular surgeon may provide additional treatments such as:
- Atherectomy: Removes plaque
- Balloon angioplasty or stent placement: Opens narrowed arteries
- Surgical bypass: Reroutes blood flow around a blockage
Take Action Today
PAD doesn’t have to control your life. The first step is simple: schedule an appointment with your primary care doctor. Together, you can review your risk, discuss your symptoms and if needed, get a referral to a vascular surgeon. With early detection and treatment, you can stay active, healthy and independent.
