Understanding Ovarian Cancer: Signs and Prevention

Article written by Kelly Smith, NP, Bronson Oncology and Hematology Specialists

Ovarian cancer begins in the ovaries, the small organs in a woman’s abdomen that produce eggs and hormones. Recognizing the signs of ovarian cancer and taking preventive measures are vital steps in improving outcomes.

Signs and Symptoms

Ovarian cancer symptoms are often mistaken for less serious conditions, which is why it’s commonly referred to as the “silent killer.” If you experience any of the following signs often and they don’t go away, it’s important to consult your primary care provider or OB/GYN:

• Bloating: Persistent fullness in the belly, not just after meals
• Pelvic/abdominal pain: Unexplained lower stomach or pelvic pain, often mistaken for menstrual cramps
• Difficulty eating: Feeling full after eating small amounts
• Weight changes: Unexplained weight gain or loss
• Urinary symptoms: Increased urgency or frequency without infection
• Bowel changes: Ongoing constipation, diarrhea or other bowel irregularities
• Fatigue: Consistently feeling tiredness despite minimal activity
• Back pain: Ongoing back pain with no clear cause
• Menstrual changes: This includes periods that are heavier, lighter or irregular

Prevention

While there’s no sure way to prevent ovarian cancer, the following steps may help reduce your risk:

• Regular check-ups: Pelvic exams can detect changes in the ovaries, so be sure you see your primary care provider and/or OB/GYN at least once a year. If you have a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, talk to your healthcare provider about additional screening options.
• Know your family history: A family history of ovarian or breast cancer increases your risk. Genetic testing can help assess this.
• Birth control pills: Studies show that taking birth control pills for several years can lower the risk of ovarian cancer. However, this is a personal choice and should be discussed with your healthcare provider due to potential side effects.
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle: Obesity is linked to an increased risk of cancer. Eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly.
• Preventive surgery: For high-risk women (e.g., those carrying the BRCA mutation), removing ovaries after childbearing can reduce your risk. Of course, this is a serious decision and should be made with a healthcare provider.
• Limit hormone therapy: Long-term hormone therapy after menopause may increase risk. If this is something you’re considering, discuss the pros and cons with your healthcare provider.

Understanding the signs of ovarian cancer and taking preventive measures can make a significant difference in early detection and treatment. If something doesn’t feel right, don’t wait—consult your healthcare provider. Early detection saves lives!

Exceptional Cancer Care

If you’re diagnosed with cancer, trust southwest Michigan’s most preferred healthcare system. With locations in Battle Creek and Kalamazoo, Bronson Cancer Center offers comprehensive care, combining expert medical teams, advanced technology and supportive resources at every stage of your cancer journey. Learn more about Bronson’s regional cancer program.